Sleep Terrors

kip bratwursts ar commonly known by a few terms, including quietude terrors, dark terrors, quiet terror disease, and pavor nocturnus. The soulfulness having a snooze terror lead awaken from a ideate crying or screaming, which may break for minutes. The close tobody is difficult to awaken and confused. There is no recollection of the reverie at a time awake. Sometimes the person mass be violent by swinging their fists or punching. This paper leave look in perspicacity at quietude terrors and give a concise review of the causes, prevalence, treatment, symptoms, and safety measures in the pile lab when dealing with residual terrors.Definition The exposition of sleep terrors is a sleep disorder involving abrupt change from sleep in a terrified state (Kiriakopoulos, 2005, p. 1). The cause is unknown only if night terrors be commonly associated with periods of emotional tension, stress, or conflict (Kiriakopoulos, 2005). Overview To sympathize sleep terrors, you first need to understand normal sleep patterns. aver get along with sleep cycles involve distinct stages from light drowsiness to deep sleep (Kiriakopoulos, 2005, p. 1). These include REM and non-REM sleep. Non-REM sleep involves four stages.The normal sleeping person will pack several cycles of REM and non-REM sleep through the night. wickedness terrors occur during deep sleep, which occurs during stages 3 and 4 of non-REM sleep, beginning approximately 90 minutes after f every(prenominal)ing asleep (Connelly, 2003) and they generally have a duration of 10 to 20 minutes. The patient usually screams in panic, save there is no memory of what caused them to be sc atomic number 18d. (Kiriakopoulos, 2005) catch some Zs terrors be akin nightmares but with certain distinct differences. Nightmares normally occur during REM sleep vs. sleep terrors occurring during deep sleep.Nightmares are close common in the earlyish morning vs. sleep terrors occurring during the first one-third of the night. The sleeper outhouse believe the details of a nightmare vs. a sleep terror, which put up non be entertained. Sleep terrors are not normal, but nightmares are normal on occasion, oddly after frightening movies/TV shows or emotional situations (Kiriakopoulos, 2005, p. 1). The sleep disorder of night terrors typically occurs in children aged 3-12 years, with a peak encroachment in children aged 3? years (Connelly, 2005, p. 1). Boys, girls, and children of all races are every bit affected by sleep terrors. An estimated 1-6% of children experience night terrors (Connelly, 2005,p. 1).Sleep terrors can be familiar. By adolescence, most children have outgrown sleep terrors. (Connelly, 2005) Sleep terrors can run in families. Although uncommon, adults may have sleep terrors but they are associated with emotional tension and/or the use of alcohol (Kiriakopoulos, 2005, p. 1). Although sleep terrors are not directly caused by a general medical figure or substance use, includi ng medications and drugs of abuse, these symptoms cause clinically main(prenominal) distress or impair work, social or personal functioning (Narcolepsy Association UK, 2003). diagnosis Usually, a complete history and a physical examination are sufficient to diagnose night terrors (Connolly, 2003, p. 6). Review of symptoms is necessary for accurate diagnosis of all sleep disorders. In many cases, considering the symptoms, no tests are necessary. (Kiriakopoulos, 2005) It is all-important(prenominal) to rule out seizure disorders and nightmares when making the differential diagnosis of sleep terror. (Narcolepsy Association UK, 2003) This may include an electroencephalogram (EEG) which measures brain activity and can rule out a seizure disorder, or a sleep study to rule out other sleep disorders.Other tests such(prenominal) as CT Scans and MRIs are unnecessary. (Connelly, 2003) The cause is unknown. Sleep terrors are frequently brought on by stress, fever, sleep deprivation, and med ications that affect the telephone exchange nervous system (Connelly, 2003, p. 2). Symptoms Symptoms of sleep terrors include sudden awakening from sleep. During severally episode the patient shows evidence of marked fear and autonomic arousal, such as rapid breathing, rapid heartbeat and sweating (Narcolepsy Association UK, 2003).When alter from the sleep terror, the person is difficult to comfort and is unable to explain what happened or recall the dream, though they may have a sense of existence frightened. They will have no memory of the event on awakening the next day Kiriakopoulos, 2005, p. 1). Thankfully, sleep terrors generally only occur once per night. (Narcolepsy Association UK, 2003) Treatment, Prognosis, And Prevention There is no true treatment for sleep terrors. It is important to educate the family about the disorder and reassuring them that the episodes are not harmful (Connelly, 2003, p. ). Comfort and reassurance are the only treatment required (Kiriakopoulos, 2005, p. 1). It is important for parents of children with sleep disorders to take the following precautions. Make the childs board safe to prevent the child from being injured during an episode, eliminate all sources of sleep disturbance, and maintaining a consistent bedtime routine and wake-up time (Connelly, 2003, p. 7). When medication is used, it is benzodiazepine or benadryl given just prior to or at bedtime. These medications will reduce sleep terrors.Although rare, in severe cases, in which day-by-day activities (for example, instruct performance or peer or family relations) are affected (Connelly, 2003, p. 8), the person may require antidepressant therapy. Minimizing stress or using coping mechanisms may reduce night terrors. The number of episodes usually decreases after age 10 (Sheth, 2005, p. 1). Most children outgrow night terrors. When this does not occur, stress reduction and/or psychotherapeutics may be helpful for sleep terror in adults (Kiriakopoulos, 2005, p . 1). Night terrors may also be treated with hypnosis and channelize imagery echniques (Narcolepsy Association UK, 2003, p. 1). There are also support groups available. habit of the Polysomnographic Technologist The sleep railroad engineer is responsible for the patient during the polysomnography study. The technologist needfully to have reviewed the patients questionnaire and be prepared for the outburst and mix-up that may occur during a sleep terror event. The technologist needs skills to comfort and harbor the patient during a terror. The patient may be combative so the technologist would need to be able to protect the patient and any near him from hitting and punching that could occur.It would be important to be able to gently restrain them so they are both solace and safe. Polysomnographic Record Of A 3 Year Old With Sleep disquietude Disorder Summary/Conclusion Sleep terror disorder is a sleep disorder that involves waking from deep sleep in a panic. The person is dif ficult to arouse and confused. If they can recall any of the dream at that time, when they wake then next day, they will not remember that the terror even occurred. The disorder occurs mostly in young children forwards their teen years begin. Most children out grow the disorder, but some adults are affected.Diagnosis is simple, requiring few tests. Treatment is mostly supportive requiring bringing up of the family and comfort of the individual with the sleep terror disorder. In rare cases, psychotherapy and/or counseling may be necessary if it affect the persons daily functioning and relationships. Sleep terrors are very interesting to me. I have never even known anyone with terrors, and but the prevalence is enough that most people should know someone with the disorder. Although the diagnosis is usually easy, the sleep technologist has a role in the diagnosis when more than the patients symptoms are needed.