Is Rosa Parks a True Hero

genus genus Rosa place-A True Hero A hero is a person, typic on the wholey a man, who is admired or idealized for courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities. Despite what some may argue, Rosa position is a perfect example of a well-mannered rights hero. This ignore be seen not only through the famous capital of aluminium Bus ride, but also through other examples where she showed courage, made achievements, or proved herself to hold noble qualities. These include Sparking the capital of Alabama private instructor boycott, helping the formation of the MIA, Being directly connected to the Browder versus Gayle lawsuit, Working with Martin Luther King, Featuring on International news, Writing her Autobiography and gaining honors and Awards. In the segregated Montgomery of Dec. 1, 1955, the first 10 rows of a bus where reserved for sporty riders. As the bus went along its route, more people got on, and the white plane section of the bus fil direct up. When another white man boarded, the driver ordered Parks and three caustics seated close to her to move. Parks refused and was arrested.This act of individual resistance, oddly in a time where there was lynching for blacks who stepped out of line was rare, especially for a woman. Although it seems insignificant, Parks resistance on Dec. 1, 1955 changed the course of history and led to her other major accomplishments, eventually making her an American Hero. 2 Sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks on 1 December 1955, the Montgomery bus boycott was a 13-month mass protest that ended with the U. S. 3 Supreme Court ruling that segregation on usual buses is unconstitutional. It started off, with a virtuoso daytime boycott, where people where asked to stay off the buses.However, On 5 December, 90 percent of Montgomerys black citizens stayed off the buses. That afternoon, the citys ministers and leaders met to debate the possibility of extending the boycott into a long-term campaign. During this meeting the MIA was formed. 3 The Montgomery Improvement Associations (MIA) social function was to oversee the continuation and maintenance of the boycott. The governing bodys overall mission, extended beyond the boycott campaign, as it sought to improve the general status of Montgomery, to improve race relations, and to uplift the general var. of the community. 1 King was elected president of the assosiation shortly after the formation. Parks recalled The advantage of having Dr. King as president was that he was so new to Montgomery and to civil rights work that he hadnt been there long enough to make any strong friends or enemies 4 The bus boycott exhibit the potential for nonviolent mass protest to successfully challenge racial segregation and served as an example for other southern campaigns that followed.In Stride Toward license, Kings 1958 memoir of the boycott, he declared the real meaning of the Montgomery bus boycott to be the power of a growing self-respect to animate the fig ht for civil rights. 4 That evening, at a mass meeting at Holt Street Baptist Church, the MIA voted to continue the boycott. King spoke to several thousand people at the meeting I want it to be cognise that were going to work with grim and bold determination to gain justice on the buses in this city. And we are not wrong. If we are wrong, the Supreme Court of this nation is wrong.If we are wrong, the Constitution of the United States is wrong. If we are wrong, God Almighty is wrong 5On the 8th of December, later on unsuccessful talks with city commissioners and bus company officials the MIA issued a formal list of demands courteous treatment by bus operators first-come, first-served put for all, with blacks seating from the keister and whites from the front and black bus operators on predominately black routes. The demands were not met, and Montgomerys black residents stayed off the buses through 1956, despite efforts by city officials and white citizens to defeat the boycott. Although Rosa Parks was not the leader of the MIA, or the leader of the boycott, she was a huge influence on the entire revolt. Rosa was a role model to all of African Americans involved in the Boycott She was subconsciously the leader of the group whenever people had enough and wanted to quit, they would think of Rosa Parks who put her life on the line to fight for her rights and for the rights of all those rough her. This shows her heroicness, and all of the African Americans of Montgomery saw the hero in Rosa, and it gave them the extra fag to help pursue her dream. Shortly after beginning the Montgomery Bus Boycott in December 1955, black community leaders began to discuss file a federal lawsuit to challenge the City of Montgomery and Alabama bus segregation laws. They sought a declaratory judgment that Alabama put up statutes and ordinances of the city of Montgomery providing for and enforcing racial segregation on privately operated buses were in violation of Fourteenth Ame ndment protections for equal treatment. 2 On the 5th of June 1956, the federal regularise court ruled in Browder v.Gayle that bus segregation was unconstitutional, and in November 1956 the U. S. Supreme Court affirmed Browder v. Gayle and struck down laws which put an end to segregated seating on public buses. The order to desegregate the buses arrived the following month, it stated 1. Black and white people could sit wherever they wanted to sit. 2. Bus drivers were to respect all riders. 3. Black people were now allowed to apply for driver positions. 2 On the 21st of December 1956 King officially called for the end of the boycott the community agreed.The next morning, he boarded an integrated bus with Ralph Abernathy, E. D. Nixon, anz d Glenn Smiley. King said of the bus boycott We came to see that, in the long run, it is more honorable to walk in dignity than ride in humiliation. So we decided to substitute tired feet for tired souls, and walk the streets of Montgomery 5 King a lso stated, looking tooshie upon the Boycott the Negro citizen in Montgomery is respected in a way that he never was before5 Although MLK emerged the hero, the credit is also merit by others, in particular Rosa Parks. King and Rosa became national ? ures during the boycott, and the MIAs tactics became a model for the many civil rights protests to follow. Re? ecting on his the experience with MIA, King said I will never forget Montgomery, for how can one forget a group of people who took their passionate yearnings and thick-skulled aspirations and ? ltered them into their own souls and fashioned them into a creative protest, which gave meaning to people and gave inspiration to individuals all over the nation and all over the world 3 The integrating of the buss affected everyones lifes in Montgomery and gave them wish.Rosa was present throughout the boycott and ranch her noble qualities, giving hope and courage, she worked hand in hand with MLK throughout the boycott, but was of ten in his shadows. Throughout the Boycott, Rosa often appeared on national news, this not only helped to spread her ideas, hope and wisdom to the rest of the world, but it also risked her life even more. National coverage of the boycott and Kings trial resulted in obligate from people outside Montgomery. In early 1956 veteran pacifists Bayard Rustin and Glenn E.Smiley visited Montgomery and offered King advice on the application of Gandhian techniques and nonviolence to American race relations. Rustin, Ella Baker, and Stanley Levison founded In acquaintance to raise funds in the North for southern civil rights efforts, including the bus boycott. King absorbed ideas from these proponents of nonviolent direct action and crafted his own syntheses of Gandhian principles of nonviolence. He said Christ showed us the way, and Gandhi in India showed it could work 7Other followers of Gandhian ideas such as Richard Gregg, William Stuart Nelson, and Homer Jack wrote the MIA offering support .Rosa made her image public which turned even more people against her. Risking her life for the benefit of other is truly heroic qualities hat you cannot find in many. Despite the previous facts proving Rosa Parks to be a hero, many still argue that she is not. It can be said that Rosa Parks had planned her act of Defiance to stir up the Montgomery bus boycott. The evidence given to support this idea is first, parks had long been a member of the local NAACP and had been involved in a reference of the very same nature in an incident that happened on March 2, 1955, a full nine months before Mrs.Parks arrest. Secondly, she was not the first African American to refuse to give up her seat (there where in fact several examples dating from just a couple years earlier) 8 so why would the NAACP suddenly act upon Rosa? And lastly, the speed in which the boycott was enacted and that the NAACP was ready for court is proof that it was a planned event. The historians who argue this case cause discombobulation and doubt she the hero that she has been made out to be? Is the result of her actions any less important if it had been a planned action, instead of the spontaneous decision of one woman tired of iving in? The answer in No, Rosa is know for her spontaneous act of resistance, nevertheless, could this theory be one day proven true, it wouldnt make any less a hero of her. Proof of her heroicness can be seen through her autobiography My Story was written and published in 1992 by Rosa Parks herself. The book told the story of Rosas life leading up to the day she got on that bus and decided that she was not giving up her seat. Rosa later published another book called Quiet Strength, which described her faith and how it helped her on her journey through life.This allowed her to spread her ideas and feelings to people who look up to her. 4 In addition to her book, she has been recognized for many honors and awardsin the late 1900s, the NAACP awarded Rosa Parks the Spingarn Medal, their highest honor and the Martin Luther King Jr. Award. In September of 1992, she was awarded the Peace Abbey bravery of Conscience award for her years of community service and lifelong commitment to social change through non-violent means and civil rights. In 1996, Rosa Parks was presented, by President Bill Clinton, with the Presidential Medal of Freedom.This is the highest honor that can be bestowed upon a civilian by the United States Government. In 1998, the National belowground Railroad Freedom Center presented Rosa Parks with the International Freedom Conductor Award. In 1999, she was presented with the Congressional Gold Medal, later that year she was awarded the Detroit-Windsor International Freedom Festival Freedom Award. In 1999, Time Magazine named Rosa Parks as one of the 20 most powerful and influential figures of the century.In 2000, the State of Alabama awarded her the Governors Medal of Honor for Extraordinary Courage. She also received the Alabama Acade my Award the same year. 7 During her lifetime, Rosa Parks was awarded more than two 12 honorary doctorates from universities worldwide. She was also inducted as an honorary member of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority. Rosa Parks, along with Elaine Eason Steel, started the Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute for Self Development in February of 1987. The Institute was developed in honor of Rosas husband, Raymond Parks who had died in 1977 of cancer. The Institutes main function is to run the Pathways to Freedom bus tours, which take young people around the country to visit historical sites along the Underground Railroad and to important locations of events in Civil Rights history. 7 Three days after her death in October of 2005, The House of Representative and the United States Senate approved a resolution to allow Rosa Parks body to be viewed in the U. S. Capitol Rotunda. Rosa was the first woman, and the second black person to ever have the honor of lying in state in the Nations capitol. Lastly, On the first anniversary of her death, President George W. Bush ordered a statue of Parks to be placed in the National Statuary Hall in Washington, D. C. When signing this resolution, President Bush stated By placing her statue in the cheek of the nations Capitol, we commemorate her work for a more perfect union, and we commit ourselves to continue to struggle for justice for every American. 3 Her worldwide recognition for her tremendous bear on on the world can be easily seen through just her awards ranging from the late 1900s to far after her death.Although Rosa is no longer here, her figment will live on forever and since the rest of the civil rights movement stemmed from what became known as the Montgomery Bus Boycott, Rosa Parks is known as the Mother of the Civil Rights Movement. Her act of individual resistance is one of seminal events in the civil rights movement. Parks made her heroic stand in an atmosphere of lynchings for blacks who stepped out of line, puttin g her at great risk. Her actions changed the course of history and made her an American icon. ince the rest of the civil rights movement stemmed from what became known as the Montgomery Bus Boycott, Rosa Parks is known as the Mother of the Civil Rights Movement. Works Cted Page Adamson, Lynda G. Notable Women in American History A delineate to Recommended Biographies and Autobiographies. Westport Greenwood, 1999. Print. Bennett, Lerone Jr. What Barbershop Didnt Tell You about Rosa Parks. Vol. 58. N. p. Ebony, 2003. Print. Chappell, Kevin. Remebering Rosa Parks The Life and Legacy of The Mother of the Civil Rights Movement Vol. 61. N. p. Ebony, 2006.Print. Small, Caroline M. Rosa Parks. Guide To Literary get the hang Their Works (2007) 1. Literary Reference Center. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. The History Lesson from Rosa Parks A Single Act of Responsibility Changes a Nations Heart. The Washington Times Washington D. C 31 Oct. 2005 n. pag. Print. The Rebellious Life Of Mrs. Rosa Pa rks. Booklist 109. 6 (2012) 4. Literary Reference Center. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. Holmes, Tamara E. Mother of Civil Rights Hands Down Her Legacy Rosa Parks Gave produce to a Movement and Set the Bar for Future Generations. Vol. 36. N. p. Black Enterprise, 2006. Print. Huso, Deborah. Sitting Down to Take a Stand Rosa Parks Actions Advanced the Fight for Civil Rights. N. p. Sucess, 2011. Print. 2 . 3 The History Lesson 4 . 1 Adamson, Lynda 5 . 4 Parks, Rosa 7 . 5 The Rebelious Life 8 . 3 The History Lesson 9 . 6 Huso,Deborah 11 . 2 Chappell, Kevin 12 . 5 The Rebellious Life 13 . 5 14 . 3 The History Lesson 15 . 7 Tamara, Holmes 16 . 8 Lerone Bennett 17 . 4 Parks,Rosa 18 . 7 Tamara, Holmes 19 . 8 Lerone Bennett 21 . 3 The History Lesson